Particle model
Core concepts and learning points for this section:
Syllabus Points
Core
- 2.1.2.1 Describe the particle structure of solids, liquids and gases in terms of the arrangement, separation and motion of the particles and represent these states using simple particle diagrams
- 2.1.2.2 Describe the relationship between the motion of particles and temperature, including the idea that there is a lowest possible temperature (−273 °C), known as absolute zero, where the particles have least kinetic energy
- 2.1.2.3 Describe the pressure and the changes in pressure of a gas in terms of the motion of its particles and their collisions with a surface
- 2.1.2.4 Know that the random motion of microscopic particles in a suspension is evidence for the kinetic particle model of matter
- 2.1.2.5 Describe and explain this motion (sometimes known as Brownian motion) in terms of random collisions between the microscopic particles in a suspension and the particles of the gas or liquid
Supplement
- 2.1.2.6 Know that the forces and distances between particles (atoms, molecules, ions and electrons) and the motion of the particles affects the properties of solids, liquids and gases
- 2.1.2.7 Describe the pressure and the changes in pressure of a gas in terms of the forces exerted by particles colliding with surfaces, creating a force per unit area
- 2.1.2.8 Know that microscopic particles may be moved by collisions with light fast-moving molecules and correctly use the terms atoms or molecules as distinct from microscopic particles